Kajjali (Black Sulphide of Mercury): A Critical Analysis of its Essential Role in Rasashastra

Abstract

Aim To review the classical concepts, preparation methods, types, therapeutic applications, and modern scientific validations of Kajjali (black sulphide of mercury), a key pharmaceutical preparation in Rasashastra , emphasizing its role in the transformation of mercury into a therapeutically potent and non-toxic form. Objectives To explain the method of preparation of Kajjali through the trituration of Shuddha Parada (purified mercury) and Shuddha Gandhaka. To analyze the different types of Kajjali based on the ratio of mercury and sulfur, and their relevance in various therapeutic applications. Observations Kajjali is prepared by triturating Shuddha Parada (mercury) with Shuddha Gandhaka (sulfur), which results in a fine, black, lustreless substance. Different types of Kajjali are identified based on the ratio of mercury to sulfur, such as Samaguna, Dwiguna, and Shadguna, which are chosen based on the ailment being treated. Kajjali passes classical tests like Rekhapurnatwa, Nishchandratva, and Varitaratva, which demonstrate its preparation quality and suitability for therapeutic use. Results Kajjali, when prepared correctly, possesses key characteristics like non-lustrous black appearance and soft texture, making it an ideal base material for Rasaushadhis. Modern scientific research provides increasing validation of the safety and efficacy of Kajjali, confirming its potential in treating a variety of conditions when used as part of Ayurvedic practices. Conclusion Kajjali is a foundational substance in Rasashastra, acting as both a therapeutic agent and a medium for transforming mercury into a non-toxic form. Its versatile applications in the preparation of Rasaushadhis, Kupipakwa Rasayana, Pottali Kalpa, and Marana underline its significance in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.